Event name: | NZ-94-001 | |
Country: | NEW ZEALAND | |
Nature of the harmful event: |
Seafood toxins | |
Event directly affected: |
Natural Fish , Birds , Shellfish , Humans | |
Toxicity detected: | Yes | |
Associated syndrome: | OTHER | |
Unexplained toxicity: | ||
Species implicated in toxin transmission (transvector): | ||
Report the outcome of a monitoring programme: | Yes (Biotoxin monitoring program) | |
Event occurred before in this location: | No | |
Individuals to contact: | RHODES Lesley |
Location: | Latitude: -46.589167, Longitude: 168.062778 | |
General location information: |
Foveaux Strait, South Island HAB Area code(s): NZ-11 |
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Additional location information: | South-North progression of shellfish toxicity | |
Bloom event dates (yyyy/mm/dd): | Start: 1994-01-14, End: 1994-05-13 | |
Quarantine levels dates (yyyy/mm/dd): | ||
Additional date-related information: |
Causative organism known: | Yes | |
Causative Species/Genus: |
Gymnodinium sp.
(900 000 cells/L)
Karenia mikimotoi, Karenia brevis, Karenia selliformis |
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Co-Ocurring Species/Genus: | ||
Chlorophyll concentration, if known: | µg/l | |
Additional bloom information: | ||
Event-related bibliography: | Mackenzie, L., Haywood, A., Adamson, J., Truman, P., Till, D., Seki, T., ... & Yasumoto, T. (1996). Gymnodimine contamination of shellfish in New Zealand. Harmful and Toxic Algal Blooms., 97-100. |
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Nutrient information: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Temperature Range During Event: | Max: °C, Min: °C | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Salinity Range During Event: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bloom location in the water column: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Growth: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Growth Comments | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Additional Environmental information: |
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Kit used: | Type of kit used: | |||||||||||
Additional information: | The production of gymnodimine by cells was also confirmed by LC/MS analysis. | |||||||||||
Economic losses: | Affected commercially harvested clams (Austrovenus stuchburyii) and wild mussels and cultivated mussels | |||||||||||
Management decision: | A large area of the coast of the coast of the South Island was closed to shellfish harvesting. | |||||||||||
Additional harmful effect information: |